World’s Largest Marine Turbine

Why not spread the technology?

What do you mean muder things? I guess we should just forget about generation energy and go back living in the Stone Age

Should have named it the Ted Kennedy Memorial Turbine - it's what he was against any way and if we want America to be here in 100 years we had better get serious about what our Government neglects - energy independance is what we need.
Wind, solar, thermal, and yes even nuclear or clean coal - anything that can be powered locally should - houses should be self suffient and generate at least moderate amounts of solar electric - their should be gray tanks for basic water filtration to cycle tap water to something suitable for non potable reuse such as watering a small garden.
I applaud the countries who refuse to tie their future to some far of corner of the earth that we would be best to just ignore and defend our own land. There are enough social and economic woes in this country to keep our military busy - for any transgressions we need strong divisional or corp troop mobility - airborne works just fine - just enough men to hold ground, encircle, squeeze and then eliminate.
We should build a 100 of these things and start turning energy independance over to coastal towns - it's God's energy and he provides it free!

I THINK THIS GENERATOR IS A GREAT INVENTION AND WE NEED MANY MORE OF THEM. I DOUBT IT WILL KILL FISH BY MECHANICAL FORCE SINCE THE BLADES REALLY WON'T MOVE THAT FAST. HOWEVER, IT COULD POSSIBLY HAVE UNFORSEEN CONSEQUENCES SUCH AS ALGAE BLOOM CAUSING FISH HABITAT CHANGES DUE TO ITS EFFECT UPON OCEAN CURRENTS.

We have been thinking and talking about harnessing this power. Now the time has come and it will make the world a better place by using just a little less fossil fuels. This is a great day for technology.

Curious how much it costs / MW. A low end nuke plant can generate nearly 600x the power. Not a bad idea, get energy where you can but wondering if there's a more cost effective way to do it.

It will probably have to be in service for 20 years just to offset the amolunt of coal/natural gas burned to make all of that steel.

While I agree this is a great idea and there should be a lot more, some of you ought to do the math. The outer diameter of the blades will be traveling at 15mph, that's pretty fast in water. It will certainly kill some fish, no doubt about it. Is it a better consequence than burning fossil fuels, yes, unless you're that fish.

Yeah Tony, take a little responsibility for the environment yourself and stop spreading BS all over the planet.

heloo everyone who read this artical
i m baqir from pakistan.rather Scotland could start one of these energy projects for pakistan,?here in pakistan we have wind like F-16,really i m not jocking so if this particular company do this here it will gain 10 times from there own country.

I want one of those turbines.

I think you guys are missing the big picture here. If this turbine kills a few fish while generating power, that's a GOOD thing!

Scientifically speaking, the way the fish kill occurs is this: as the turbine blades turn, it causes fish to pause and watch (thia action is confusing for them). While they are paused, bigger fish come upon them from the rear and eat them.

Too much corruption in USA for this.

Curious as to how deep the water they will sit in, how will it be anchored and what impact will salt water have on these blades and what about maintenance. As for fish kill, thats what fins are for, they can swim around. Probably a whole lot better chance of survival around these turbines then huge props on cruise ships.

How that such poor idea to be reformed?

Wind turbines don't kill birds. Windows and cats do. More than 100 million birds are killed by domestic cats every year in the USA.

Dear Paul, hate your comments about Ted Kennedy. Shame you have to talk about the dead and drag his name into an article that has nothing to do with him. At least his heart was in the right place in wanting to help people and look out after the environment instead of being an corksoaking apologist for the right wing that has destroyed America by outsourcing everything and selling off our country- just think- we could be building big projects like this if it weren't for the ant-worker Republicans!

I think this is safer than a ruptured oil well at the bottom of the Gulf of Mexico. I would rather these be under the surface than oil rigs sitting on top of the water. Where is American ingenuity? Is it all gone? The rest of the world has high speed trains and inventions like this. We are dummying down America!

WOW ....SOME PEOPLE READ THIS AND THINK THE ARTICLE IS ABOUT WIND FARMS SOME MISS THE SLOW REVOLUTION AND SOME THINK THAT THIS COULD ACTUALLY HOLD BACK THE TIDE. I AM AMAZED THAT AT 63 I CAN READ THIS ONCE SCAN THE COMMENTS AND UNDERSTAND THE ARTICLE AND PICK OUT THE ERRORS IN READING COMPREHENSION. PERHAPS THATS WHY IT IS SO HARD TO DO SOMETHING SO SMART LIKE THIS. MAYBE LESS KNEE JERK COMMENTS AND SOME MORE THOUGHT WOULD DO US ALL SOME GOOD. THE POWER OF TIDES IS IMMENSE AND MORE DEPENDABLE THAN WIND SOUNDS LIKE A HELL OF AN IDEA AND AGAIN THE USA IS NOT FIRST

Now all we need is a way to harness all that hot air coming out of Washington and the airwavves around Limbaugh and Beck.

I was overseas in a country where I saw many wind turbines on their hills. I don't know how much energy they generate but they all looked new and I was thinking "why can't we have that in the US?"

Oh yeah the oil lobbyists in congress who helped kill the electric car and other such technological advances like further advancement and public knowledge of other low environmentally impacting things, like solar panels. My friends father put solar panels in their house...this was about 25 years ago!!! Sure they were expensive at the time but I am certain they have paid themselves over many times by now.

This is why our country is falling behind economically and now all the electronics come from Japan or practically anything we buy is made in China. We need to be more progressive and support research and development of green (not nuclear) technologies here in the US.

I bet this wasn't built in the US...

The question of whether the flow rate in the river would be reduced by the turbine - The driving force behind the tide is lunar gravitational potential energy which could be represented by the change in the water elevation as the moon passes over the location once per day.

If the elevation at high/low tide is unchanged then the flow should also be unchanged also as water is uncompressible and conserved.

The energy source would be the moon and you'd think that the system should try to maintain the same tidal elevation to balance the gravitational force regardless of the energy extracted from the stream (within high limits imposed by the fluids viscosity).

Would the flow rate be mostly unaffected but the pressure along the river increase instead? The pressure increase may not affect aquatic life.

The end result may be that the moon would eventually get closer to the earth but the flow in the river might not actually be affected by the presence of the turbine.

I'd need to think about this a bit more... Would this make sense or not?

This is a small step in the right direction.
The Tides will be flowing as long as the earth turns and the moon is in the sky.
This is almost the greenest energy possible.
THe issues it will have will likely come from growth of marine organisms on its surfaces.

I think I can believe that this will cause some damage to marine life. 8 rpm. means complete revolution every 7.5 seconds, there are 3 blades means a big ole blade is going thru your area every 2.5 seconds. There are lots of critters that don't move fast enough to vacate the area in 2.5 seconds, there a lots of critters big enough that they don't clear an area in 2.5 seconds. I would think a device that somehow uses the buoyancy and change of level of the tides would be more ideal.

The blades turn 6 to 8 times per MINUTE people!!!The wind mills in Holland turn faster than that.

This thing is going to murder HARMLESS CREATURES with its slow-moving turbines. SCARY! we are much better off with energy sources like- offshore drilling- at least animals only die when there are huge catastrophies--- like the oil pumping into the GUlf of Mexico. But- that happened on accident. THIS TURBINE IS DANGEROUS IT IS DESIGNED TO INTENTIONALLY KILL ANIMALS. I vote for oil.

at 8 revolutions per minute with a blade radius of 59 feet, the tip of this will be moving around 33 mph. i do not know anyone who has been hit by a 10 tonne object moving at 30 mph that did not take some damage.

@loki: 33 mph? Nice try. Did you really think nobody would do their own math? Misinformation can only get you so far. Try 17 mph at the tip of the blade @ 8 revolutions per minute.

So even if you try to make the argument that @ 17 mph it will still chop up a few fish, who cares? A chopped up fish just becomes food for another fish, or organic matter that will be utilized by another living creature. In the global scale of things, it really doesn't matter.

People need to realize that true environmentalism is dead. It's not really about saving our planet, it's about power brokering- power to decide who gets what. They want to be able to control it. That's why you get so called environmentalists damning good, environmentally responsible ideas such as this.

I want to get away from using fossil fuels as much as anybody out there, but for now, we have it so let's use it responsibly, let's let that buy us time while working hard to develop technology that will replace it, instead of waiting till either it's all gone, or the air is too polluted to matter.

Over all Both wind farms and tidal turbines are a terrible idea they take a lot of resources to build and they effect the natural environment in unanticipated ways. Instead we should be putting that money and resources into developing more powerful Tokamak AKA Fusion reactors at present they can generate the same 1/MW that this thing can and all they use is a little Hydrogen. but thats just the research model the production plant would be able to produce 2000-4000 /MW
this machine is the future and the sooner we realize that the sooner we can start reducing our impact for real.

What about all the flooding this will cause by altering the tides. Just another unintended disaster

There is a solution... use technology from submarines. Their propellor blades and bearings and gearboxes are designed to be silent... very very quiet. Those propellor blades are swept back as if streamlined by the water itself, instead of the straight blades shown on this device, with square tips. These types of propellors are also extremely efficient. However, it may be much harder to adjust the pitch on them to maintain a constant speed. The smooth backward curve on the blades will be kind to sealife too!

This only works for locations that have a 10 -30 foot tidal change (up to 60 feet in Scotland!) at least 4 times a day. This technology currently will NOT work in the Gulf where tides generally average 2 feet high and low. Same for the Pacific and Atlantic coastlines for the same reason.

The comments from people here in America on these type subjects truly shows out lack of education here in America. Also the lack of knowledge on geographical diversity.

The comments most people leave on this and most other technical subjects on the Internet really embarrasses me as an American. Please take some time to understand the issues, not just post witless and ignorant sound bites.

Cool, we need some of these in Alaska where world record tides occur. Maybe there are less than a million of us living in that State, but this sure would make a difference for our ecology in the great north. Only problem is, gotta go deep below the ice covered sea during the winter, but it can be done.

The rotors might well turn at a sedate 6-8 RPM but, with a rotor that size, the outer end will be doing about 15mph (at 7 RPM). If you get hit by something moving that fast, it's going to hurt!

But I still think that anything which reduces our neeed for foreign energy has to be a good thing. A plant this size doesn't produce that much but as the UK (with the main islands) has about 20,000 miles of coastline, there's probably room for one or two more.

I'd rather have a 1000 MW nuclear reactor supplying me power. Far less materials needed to build one of those.

I don't like to see fish or birds destroyed needlessly, but I find it humorous that the environmentalists will bleat continuously about the dangers of coal, nuclear and other forms of energy generation, demand that alternative forms of energy be found, and then cry about the dangers to animals from the new source. There is no free lunch! If we were to forego electrical power and return to wood fires to cook our food we would likely deplete the forests in a very short time. Make your choice. I choose electricity.

what a great idea being implemented here! Dont fear about hidden dangers of this device...if it was dangerous to the environment or wildlife and incredibly inefficient, Exxon/Mobil and BP would have filled the ocean with them by now. Ever notice that no matter how outlandishly ridiculous an oil companies idea may be, they actually get even more money and tax breaks from the government to implement it, despite the fact that they could afford it with all their profits without tax money. Yet talk about this sort of energy answer is lobbied right out Congress. I am left to reason that it's because the damn oil companies own our government. Cant vote them out when they buy the election.

Okay, okay okay, listen to this, cheaper electricity or not? Oh I want to save the little fishies so I will gladly pay a higher electric bill, NOT!! Just something to think about while you are snacking on a fish sammy at McD's chatting with your other card carrying hypocritical PETA/Green Peace supporting dolts that really think that animals are our equals?

Everything under water that moves pushes a virtually unseen swell, or cushion of water before it. There is nothing man made that doesn't. The blades will do this and the fish sense it as something coming and move out of the way. Some smaller creatures will simply ride the swell and not have to beat a fin once. Just try scooping up free floating shrimp or prawns at night. They feel the water in front of the net and jump well in advance making it hard to nab them.

How about setting these up along the SE of Florida, along the Gulf Stream where it is only a few miles from shore?

They'll need to post underwater signs so divers don't accidentally stick their fingers in the blades. I did this once as a kid and it hurt.

I worked in the power generation industry for 26 years. This machine uses the current of the tide, not a current like that of a river in a confined channel. It also has to be used in a unique area that has both depth and strength of tidal flow. It has to be submerged locationally to take maximum advantage of tidal dynamics. The speed of the turbine is too slow to realistically endanger most marine life. However, larger marine life could be injured in rare circumstances. Most larger marine life are mammals and have echo location for huntimg fish etc. They will be able to echo locate this device and actually hear it in the waters movement. So, there is little risk to marine life. As far as disruption of tidal flow, that is simply nonsense. Water is a fluid, there will be some initial disruption of "laminar" dynamics and it will be largely restored in short order by the very nature of water itself.

1000 homes divide x cost = 500 years to break even. Thats progress!

The conflict exists between three forces, local terrorists such as PETA and Greenpeace, Mega energy producers who exercise monopoly power and those who understand any movement away from fossil fuels for such uses as home heating and cooling is a good thing. The afore mentioned local terrorists groups will be successfull in inflateing the cost of ANY project. The Mega energy goups will further raise costs by passing on implied costs imposed by the terrorists to all consumers so they will be happy. The third group, understanding that local sourcing will create more autonomy, common sense and ownership of the regional economy will welcome diverified power generation. Of UPstate NY, wind turbines, for Alaska, Maine, tidal generators, and our landlocked citizens have the opportunity to create the solar grid most beneficial to their environment, economy and growth plans. The need to marginalize the infulence of both or local terrorists and equally distructive sunbaked logic of the religious fanatics in the Arab world.
It's time to enroll in a '12 step' program' and get off the fossil fuel bing and start thinking clearly for a change. PS: Please elect those who have the intelligence to guide and the courage to lead. VOTE wisely.

Costs for this type of technology are a little higher (double?) than for other renewable energies: 1MW peak power generation but two tidal flows a day (in/out) and a peak occurs on in and out tidal flows - so it generates power 4 times a day - that is the reason for it to be double-ended.
Assuming a sinusoidal tidal flow speed, it gives approximately 6MWhours of energy produced per day. If 10% of the time it needs maintenance, and lasts for 20 years, then it produces almost 40,000MWh of energy in its lifetime.
The cost was around US$8million, assume another US$2million for operating and maintenance. This gives a cost per kwh of around 25cents (about 2 to 3 times more than average US electricity prices). Apart from technical challenges, it is still economics of renewable energy versus cheap fossil fuel that prevents more renewable energy from being introduced into the power market.

Once when light lamps of homes were powered by a refined part of oil the action of producing this added something of NO use to us at that time...gasoline. IT was, unhappily, dumped into streams as useless. I am sure fish were killed by that activity.

We FOUND a use for gasoline! NOW this is destroying us. Power from the roaming sea will be there forever...killing a few fish (which will provide food for bigger fish) and VIOLA !, less carbon will be discharged into the world.

Looks GOOD to me!

with a few hundred of this wings, the world will be flying through space. good.

Peter and Paul

Where was Kennedy's heart when that young lady he left to drown!

Back to subject matter:
we have a small town here in La. where the Mayor tried to obtain funds for about five years to no avail.
It them went dorment about five years when big money found the facts and made a deal with the Town.
In about four years it was in placed and makes mega hours of electricity yearly. The town uses about 6% the remaining 94% is sold to Enterygy the local utility company. The idiots in our state let them make us pay for the cost of making the electricity with a type of fuel charge. Then they also charge us for I guse service to deliver it to us. This charge has run from about 64 to 125%.

So far the cheapest energy source is oil...
We could lower the demand for energy and many first world countries are doing so if no other way but by negative population growth. US has dropped down to second place in energy use after China.
As soon as China develops it will head in the direction of negative population growth. This is inevitable and happening...

I wonder how long it will take to break even (10 years developing only to power 1000 homes)... Doesn't seem cost efficient. How much did it cost in manpower (engineers, laborers) plus equipment, materials...

Quote from above....

Lord, if you're listening, when I die please place the burden of these dead fish on my soul. I will bear that guilt. Thank you.
Now that that is settled, willl you please get out of the way and let the nice people develop technology that will be helpful to us all.

Jees, I have to do everything around here....
written by Eiremusic, August 14, 2010



to that i say, HIGH-FIVE!!!!!

Hi Tammy, you are right - no oil leaks, other than what might be in the gearbox - couple of gallons and it would get raised from the sea bed and fixed. Good point about the poisoning - coal power plants are the worse of all at putting out toxins into the environment - renewable energy (RE) generation systems don't do that (apart from when the systems are first made and installed). Everything has a cost but the environmental costs of renewable energy, if chosen properly and done well - like all things should be, should be a lot less than fossil fuel use - tidal seems benign compared to other RE - like run-of-the-river which diverts water flow from a river before returning it at a slower speed.

Something the size of a pilot whale or a porpoise, and larger, has immense physics-type inertia. The bodies are typically thin skin for streamlining over insulating blubber.

The mammals will have no chance to get out of the way of a turbine turning at 6rpm, or 18 blade passings per minute, as the blade cuts into that blubber and immobilized the creature.

Protection besides guesswork is going to be needed to protect massive marine mammals, and the largest fish (sharks, whale sharks, at least), from this device.

xanthian.

People, please read the article fully, then read the majority of the comments so you'll know the stupid mistakes others made by going off half-****ed and ignorant then spouting unbelievable nonsense.

The underwater tidal turbine is in the Orkneys, a small isolated archipelago in the middle of the North Sea between Greenland, Norway, and the British Isles. The turbine is the first of its kind and has been developed for testing the concept of trying to harness 1MW of electricity from underwater tidal currents, presumably in a well-selected location based on many factors not mentioned in the article.

Thus, it is too early to comment on its long-term engineering, economic, and environmental feasibility because we don't have that data yet. It's a big expensive experimental setup that I'm glad the investors have decided to undertake because it will give us all better data to compare with the terabytes and millions of man-years already accumulated by the oil industry. If this Orkneys tidal power experiment is successful, somebody could try putting another turbine somewhere near the equator or on a coast of a continent to sea how successful it might be. Until somebody is willing to invest that amount, we won't have any basis for comparison either.

To those that think that even this single large turbine will change the course of the planet's natural history, you are wrong. The changes in the water flow in the channel where the turbine is emplaced will have been the same as one large ship sank there. Just remember how many hundreds of thousands of ships have already been sunk in the waters of our planet and take a look at how nature has adjusted to their presence underwater.

Those who exaggerate this experimental turbine's environmental effects compared to the ocean in which hundreds of oil tankers and oil wells are currently operating are just not thinking clearly about the context.

Let's just proceed with this experiment and hope that it works so places like the Orkneys (and many other island countries) can have cheaper electricity without the environmental damage produced by the oil industry. Go, rotor, go!

This is a response to everyone that says this is a bad idea along with Wind Turbines. GET A LIFE...

All of the Windmills and Tidal Turbines do less killing in one year of in service operation combined then one day of vehicles on the road in the USA.

The planet is going to HE** and no one wants to change the way we live now. I love the fact that there are people out there that do the research to make these things work so we don't need to rely on OIL and things that will kill us all.

When I am able to get into our new home, I'm going to look into getting a home Windmill, solar panels, and an eternal wood stove for winter use to provide heat for our home.

It is my goal to be at least 50% self sufficient with the use of these technologies. I want my children to have a future to look forward to that is full of promise and not one of despair.

We need to start the change now. As time goes on the technologies will be better and more efficient so that someday we wont need OIL and Natural Gas to run the world.

One comment from August 13 was that we should derive more energy from green sources like this because oil is running out. Huh???? It's two different worlds. Nuclear power plants, coal power plants, wind farms, and other green energy sources like this provide ELECTRICITY for lighting our homes and businesses, and providing electricity for industrial plants and everything else that we plug into the wall. Oil is NOT used for these things. We do NOT use oil to produce electricity. Wind farms and nuclear power plants are not a way to replace our need for oil. That will not be possible until all of us are driving electric cars! It's very misleading to make statements like this. I've also heard many "Important" people that have made statements like this in the media, and I wish someone would get on television and make this distinction.

At 8 revolutions/minute, the outer blade will travel 17 mph at the tip. I wouldn't want to get hit by it. I'm just saying....

@Jim Smith >> I doubt you are any more educated than those you claim are "uneducated" or know anything about what you are talking about.

To bad wind turbines can't kill cats.

I really very eager to know how it works. In Trivandrum, Kerala, India like this was made about 20 years ago but it was a failure. Congradulations to those who worked behaind this. It is very important in these days of global warming. It is free, environmental friendly.

1 Mwatt for 1000 houses = 1kw per house. A Television set uses already 400 watts
Watt about if they stop the subsidy

If I am not mistaken, when I was in California in the 80's and 90's I saw many turbines being used for power. So, we have not been dragging our feet but we became dependent on PETROLEUM and now we are getting our act together to become a more Greener Country.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! My dad always said "a half cup full is better than a half cup empty" Boy, the older generation sure does have a lot of Wisdom to pass on to us. ! thanks Dad

Just remember "nothing is life is free". And that "for every action there is a equal and opposite reaction". These are basic trueism's that can not be argued. We forgot to think it through completely when we were developing the oil industry. Lets just be sure we are a little more forward thinking while we develop our energy sources whatever they are.

And let's stop kidding ourselves by trying to demonize companies who are just trying to make a few bucks (and provide us jobs that feed, clothe, and educate our families) by satisfying our insatiable appetite for things such as "planes trains and automobiles" and airconditioning. Man it's hot down here on the Gulf. Uh Oh, there's another "Hot ****on"

The dead fishes are eaten by alive fishes, so, they don't get lost. Congratulations, big job. I love green energy.

My family came from a small island off the coast of France, called Ile de Blanc...They produced salt for for sale in the port nearby, Ile del Ray....The salt chunks were crushed by large windmills that used the ample tides for power to turn the great millstone that crushed the salt fine. The island is gone now, as this was in the 1500's...Daile Gaudreau

I hope it works!!

hey... maybe we could put it beside the Gulf leak as the energy of the escaping oil is captured................

Brilliant!!! Lovin' it!!! Way to go, Scotland and Isles. Wish we could get some of this intelligent real economy application with positive investment, production, innovation, earnings, and jobs in the USA. Keep up the great work, Isles!!!

you know for a fact america had nothing to do with it....its a good idea thats why......american politicans are only interested in killing thier own or putting one over the tax payers so ......thanks scotsland...you did awesome...america .....do better

In Oz they even have power stations that pump the water back uphill to be re-used next day. The idea of turning a hydro station off is not as easy as you think - if they keep the turbines going, the power can be used to pump back up the pipes for the next day. It is a pretty simple situation, where they can get more power for their dollar. I've seen the stations and like it. Cheers, again, Richard, it is nice to see some intelligent comments :-)

'Saint_Anger' - The wind turbine has been in the states for a quite a long time - check on the internet. The oil lobby were only doing it for the $$$$$, they were /are getting paid millions for that sort of thing, as are the car barons. And reaping it in when they got hit by the recent financial drop - or should that be 'drip'. The US cars with large engines will kill the motoring giants in the end. Bring on the electric cars.

In 1996 a solar car called Honda Dream passed me at about 105kmp - that car had been doing up to 165kpm in the Northern Territory where there was an unlimited speed area - several hundred miles or kilometres of road where you could (in those days) travel as fast as you wanted. Just watch out for the wildlife or cattle wondering onto the road, Guys. A 'roo weighing 200kg would come through your windscreen in a flash as that speed...

The "Honda Dream" car won the Solar Car Challenge that year, a drive from Darwin down through the middle of the Australian continent, (past me in South Australia, watching on the side of the road) and setting another new record for a SUN POWERED CAR. It is only about 3300km from Darwin to Adelaide which Google earth reckons should be only 1 day 11 hrs. My lad did it on $450 worth of petrol last year...

'loki' & 'Peter' - Fish are not as stupid as you think - they would hear the 'swish' of the turbine blades from some metres away and steer clear of that area. There would be minimal turbulence in the water, as the turbine is NOT pushing the water around - it is the other way around.

'squeegie' - The blades of a sub are designed for PUSHING the sub, not to be rotated by the slow water flow. Completely different design.

'ChiefNaka' - In the ocean there are currents that take plastic bottles thrown overboard from ships, right around the world. What is wrong with using those currents?
We need to progress - not go further backwards. We can progress, and just because it is not an USA designed item don't get your knickers in a twist - stand back and admire a bit, people. We can all learn.

Cheers, Petesnz

So what is the price tag on this grand machine? I guess when you are spending other peoples money, it does not matter!

To those who say this turbine device has irreperable negative effect on the surrounding environment: well, guess what, so does everything else. Furthermore, this device goes directly to the source, energy, bypassing mass extraction. Crude in its direct application has the best "EIER" out there. Getting there is now the problem, with some gratuitous pollution on the back end; see Gulf of Mexico. Also, without new real economy application with investment, production, earnings, innovation, and jobs, and instead, sinecured staff dieve$tment [$ic] banking which plays nominal market spreads and bank$ out the line middle corps of humanity, and gov't bank on the other side of the broke[n] coin with PETA (which does some good work, but sometimes pushes too hard; for instance, any number of human beings have it far worse than most work animals, and I love animals) and ridiculous hyper-environmentalists, as examples, much of humanity could implode, then explode, as they lose homes, food, families, and social order, with severe environmental damage. Hey, that's already happening. That's worse than any alleged residual and minimal environmental negative effect from a tidal screw. Human progress is compelled. Better get busy. This H2O tidal energy obtaining rotating propeller, aka screw, with turbine application is an AWESOME project. Great work Scotland and Isles!!!

PETA people , Shut up for once ! There are no dead birds no dead fish because of turbines, get it ??? You are the menace to all Animals, you are chowing down all their food !!!!!!